I don't think that there is a one-fits-all-approach to learning.
Yes, for me, it is enough to read the text and retain the crucial information, although not the details (like, Pope XY had a wart on his chin).
But that's just me. Some people learn better when they hear something, as opposed to read, or see something visualized (think mind map). Some need a peaceful environment, others study best with music or in a busy Starbucks.
It is up to you to figure out how you learn best. But sitting still at a table and re-read a text a thousand times is not necessarily the best method, only because most schools teach that to the poor children! (Well, I do that too -classroom discipline and silence helps and relaxes at least the teacher...)
An effective way to learn anything is, in my opinion, to connect it with things you already know. While learning a language, I try to make up references or pictures that will remind me of the meaning of the word I am trying to commit to mermory.
For keys etc.: Establish a routine. If you put your keys always in the bag you're always taking with you, you can hardly forget them, can you?
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