A number of the better Japanese animes and games do this. In FF7 and Neon Evangelion, for instance, there are fairly direct references to the Tree of Life in Kabbalism. There are some rather blatant references to Dharma mythologies in the Zelda series, the easiest being the choice of currency, but also the divine trinity (Courage is Creator; Wisdom is Preserver; Power is Destroyer).
Some people feel that memetic evolution is a terrible way to characterize the spread of ideas; one alternative theory is
Diffusions of Innovation.
There's a lot to find, if you look for it.
